Periodontal condition in patients with cardiovascular diseases

Gołębiewska M, Taraszkiewicz-Sulik K, Kuklińska A, Musiał WJ


Abstract

The cardiovascular system diseases constitute a serious problem for modern medicine.
The aim: To investigate the potential risk and the connection of periodontal diseases and cardiovascular disorders.
Material: The examination was performed in the group of 104 patients of both sexes, aged 50-90 years. The patients were divided into two groups: group I – patients with hypertension (47 subjects), group II – patients with fresh myocardial infarction, treated with primary coronary angioplasty (57 subjects).
Methods: The OHI index, according to Greene and Vermillion, was used to assess the oral hygiene and periodontal clinical conditions were evaluated according to Russell’s PI index, modified by Davies. CPI index was used to estimate the state of periodontium. Teeth loss was classified according to the Eichner’s classification.
Results: The value of OHI index differs in both groups. Highest value was registered at 5 patients in the I group vs 2 in the II group. Lowest value was recorded in 11 patients in the I group and 4 in the II group. The value 0.0-0.2 PI was recorded at 14 persons in the I group and 11 in the II group. The value 1.6-3.8 of PI index was registered at 2 in the I group and 6 in the II group. Healthy periodontium was stated in 10 patients with hypertension and only 2 with myocardial infarction. The CPI=2 was shown in 12 patients with hypertension and 11 with myocardial infarction, CPI=3 was shown in 23 patients with myocardial infarction.
Conclusion: The studies revealed bad condition of the oral cavities of patients with hypertension, and specifically with fresh myocardial infarction.

Key words: periodontal disease, myocardial infarction, hypertension.